Metadyne motor



Jlme 1952 J. M. PESTARINI 2599935 METADYNE MOTOR Filed Nov. 4, 1946 INVENTOR TTORNEY Joseph Mestarinz' By modifying the resistance of the rheostat 4, the point m cf the nil-torque speed is shifted along the abscissa axis. By modifying the resistance of the rheostat 5, the starting torque, indicated by the ordinate at the point p is modified. Thus the setting of rheostats 4 and. 5 provides a group of characteristic curves of a. pattern similar to that of the characteristic curve pqmr.

According to this invention, the motor metadyne is further provided with a stator Winding in series with brush c. The winding 6 is traversed by the primary current and creates a fiux in the path of the primary armature ampere turns genera1ly in the sarne direction, in which case the winding has an amplifying action. Such winding increases the primary fiux, and thus increases the voltage induced between the secondary brushes b, d at a given speed of the motor l.

In addition to the winding I5 there is provided a winding 9 shunt connected across the brushes b, d. Winding 9 has its magnetic axis coinciding with the commutating axis of the primary brushes a, c. Assume that the direction of the fiux created by the winding 6 is in the same direction as the flux created by the primary armature ampere turns. Then the primary flux will be increased and an increased voltage will Ioe induced between the secondary brushes b, d, at a given speed of motor I. Accordingly, the winding 6 displays amplifying characteristics and may be referred to as an amplifying winding. Thus, the curve 011 indicated in Fig. 2 will assume an increased inclination with respect to the horizontal and therefore, the portion qm of the curve pqmr will more near1y approach the vertica1.

The winding 9 is adapted to modify the action of winding 3 to further increase the primary fiux in a manner to cause the curve representing the created ampere turns to gradually decrease with an increase in the speed of motor I to a point u on the curve ouv, as indicated in Fig. 3. With a further increase in speed, the decrease of ampere turns is sharp1y accelerated, as indicated by the portion uv of the curve o1w. Accordingly, the inclination of the portion qm of the ourve pqmr, is further increased to more near1y approach the vertical, as shown in Fig. 3.

In cooperation with winding 9, winding 6 may operate as a partia1 compensating winding. Winding 6 may have sufficient turns so as to create a fiux in opposition to, and of a magnitude always less than, the flux of the primary armature ampere turns. Accordingly there will be a resultant fiux in the path of the commutating axis of the primary brushes. Hera again, there is but partial compensation of the primary arme.- ture reaction and. since winding 6 provides a. flux less than that of the primary armature eurrent, such winding may be referred to as a, hypocompensating winding. As a, resu1t, the portion ou of the curve ou' more near1y approaches the horizontal and correspondingly, the portion 10q of curve pqmr also more near1y approaches the horizontal.

Figure 4 shows an arrangement, according to the invention, for obtaining a. very sharp s1ope of the characteristic curve pqr at the point q. In this figure, in addition to stator windings 2, 3, 6, 9, shown in Figure 1, there is further provided a winding III, traversed by the current supplied by an auxiliary dynamo II. The dynamo I I, referred to as a regulator dynamo, is coupled to the motor metadyne and is provided with a. shunt excitation fie1d winding I3. The building up speed of the dynamo II is regulated at the desired nil-torque speed by adjusting a rheostat 58 in series with winding I3. AI; the neighborhoocl of that speed, the current supplied by the regulator dynamo builds up ancl inoreases very quickly, anc1 in traversing the regulator winding II), it creates ampere turns in the opposite direction to that of the ampere turns created by the secondary variator Winding 2. The result is a very sharp slope of the torque-speed characteristic. The dynamo II is further provided with a field winding I2, excited by an independent source of current, not shown, for creating a. small number of constant ampere turns which biases the direction of the current supplied by the regulator dynamo II at its building up speed.

The va1ue of the building up speed of the regulator dynamo II and therefore, the va1ue of the ni1-torque speed of the motor metadyne is regulated by the resistance of the rheostat 58 modifying the resistance of the fie1d excita-tion winding In many applications, a, frequent variation of the niI-torque speed is required. The cei1ing safety speed is obtainecl by the action of the pri 1nary hypo-compensator winding 6, combined with the action of the shunt connected primary variator winding II, as previously described in connection with Figure l. The varying nil-torque speed is obtained by the regulation of the rheo statt 58. Figure 5 shows the thus obtained characteristic. The 1ine pqmr corresponds to the action of the primary hypo-compensator winding 6, combined. with the primary variator winding EI. The ceiling ni1-torque speed is given by the abscissa at the point m. The curve pqxy is the torque-speed characteristic for a given setting of the rheostat 53. The operational ni1- torque speed is the abscissa at the point x. The point x may be easi1y shifted a1ong the abscissa axis while the point m remains constant as a safety ceiling speed. The curve ouv corresponds to the similar curve shovvn in Figure 3.

In Figure 4, the regulator dynamo I I is shown as a shunt excited dynamo. II: is understood that in 1ieu thereof, a series excited dynamo may be used.

The dynamo I I may be connected an independent source of direct current at constant voltage, through the regulator Winding I0. In this case no biasing excitation fie1d Winding is neuessary.

While the stator winding 2 has been described as being energized with a constant voltage, it is understood that the winding may Ioe energized by other means, as for example by a variable voltage source such as an auxiliary dynamo having a magnetic circuit which saturates at a given speed of the motor I with which the dynamo is associated.

In another form of this invention all the stator windings of the motor metadyne having the same magnetic axis may be replaced by a. single winding. Said single winding is energized by an amplifier metadyne which creates in the winding, the same resultant ampere turns which were created by the combination of the original wind- 1ngs.

The Statur windings of motor I, as shown in Fig. 4, may be combined in the form of a pair of windings each of which may be energized in a manner to create the resultant effects of the individual windings. Accord ingly as shown in Fig. 6', the motor I is provided with stator winding's 5l, 54. The winding 5I is adapted to produce the resultant effects of windings 2, 13, I5, 9 and I In the direction of its magnetic axis while the winding 54 is adapted to produce the resultant effects of windings 2, 3, 6, 9 and I0, in the direction of its magnetic axis. As shown in Fig. 6, winding I is displaced 90 electrical degrees from winding 54.

Winding 5I is energized through its terminals 52, 53 by a dynamoelectric machine 34 of the amplifier metadyne type. Machine 34 comprises an armature provided a commutator having a pair of short circuited primary brushes a, c and a pair of secondary brushes b, d, displaced from the brushes a, c. The brushes b, d are connected across the terminals 52, 53 of winding 5I. The machine 34 further comprises controlling stator windings 3I, 32, 33 and 4'I. Winding 47 is connected to a shunt 38 inserted in the primary brush circuit of motor I, thus creating ampere turns proportional 130 the primary current of the motor. Winding 3I is connected across the terminals of a regulator dynamo I I which is coupled 130 motor I and is controlled by windings I2, I3, as described in connection with Fig. 4. Accordingly, winding 3I creates ampere turns proportional to the eur- 1ent cf dynamo II.

Winding 33 is connected across the secondary brushes b, d of motor I and therefore creates ampere turns proportional to the voltage inducecl between the brushes b, d of the motor I and corresponds in action 110 windings 3, 9 of Fig. 4. Winding 132 is independently energized and is adapted 1:0 create the same effect as winding 2, as shown in Fig. 4.

Winding 54 is energized through its terminals 55, 56 by a dynamoelectric machine 35 which is similar to machine 34. The machine 35 is controlled by windings 48, 49, 50 and 31 which operate in the manner of corresponding windings 32, 33. 3I and 4I, respectively. T0 this end winding 31 is connected in series with winding 4I; winding 50 is connected in series with winding 3I; winding 49 is connected in series with winding 33 and winding 48 is independently energized.

Io is understood that the efiect of windings 6, 9 may be partially obtained by replacing the same with an independently energized winding having the same magnetic axis as windings 6, 9.

I claim:

1. An electric direct current power system comprising a variable speed motor having an armature associated with a pair of primary brushes and a pair of secondary brushes displaced therefrom and a plurality of stator windings, said primary brushes being adapted to be energized with a constant current, one of said windings with its magnetic axis coincident with the secondary commutating axis beim; connected to said secondary brushes and having suficient turns for creating a, flux greater than and in opposition 1:0 the flux created by the secondary armature current, another winding being adapted to be independently energized and to create a predetermined flux in the path of said second mentioned flux, and a further winding having sufficient turns for creating a flux in the path 01 the flux created by the primary armature eurrent and having a magnitude whereby a resultant flux is provided in the last mentioned path and in the same direction as the flux created by the primary armature current.

2. A power system as in claim 1, wherein said last mentionecl stator winding is series connected with the primary brushes of said motor and has its magnetic axis coincident with the magnetic axis of the flux created by the current traversing the armature through the primary brushes.

3. A power system as in claim 1, wherein said last mentioned stator winding is shunt connectecl across the secondary brushes of said motor and. has its magnetic axis coincident with the magnetic axis of the flux createcl by the current traversing the armature through the primary brushes.

4. A power system as in claim 2, wherein another winding has its magnetic axis coincident With the magnetic axis of the flux created by the current traversing the armature through the primary brushes, and is shunt connected across the secondary brushes of said motor.

5. A power system as in claim 1, wherein said last mentioned stator winding has its magnetic axis coincident with the magnetic axis of the flux created by the current traversing said armature through its secondary brushes and further including dynamo means responsive to the speed of said motor for energizing said last mentioned stator winding with a current which increases rapiclly at a predetermined speed of said motor.

6. A power system including a source cf constaut current, a variable speed motor comprising an armature associated with a pair of primary brushes and a pair of secondary brushes displaced therefrom, and a pair 01 stator windings displaced from each other, dynamoelectric means for energizing each cf said stator windings, each dynamoelectric means including a control winding connected in series with said primary brushes, a second control winding connected across said secondary brushes, a third control winding adapted to be independently energized, a fourth control winding, and dynamoelectric means in circuit with said fourth control winding and operative to supply a variable current increasing rapidly at a predetermined speed of said motor.

JOSEPH MAXIMUS PESTARINI.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,945,447 Pestarini Jan. 30, 1934 2,270,'708 Merrill Jan. 20, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 680,463 Germany Sept. 1, 1939 

